The Geometrid Moths of Turkey and Cyprus
Axel Hausmann & Feza Can
Version 1: May 5, 2010
Joint project of the Zoologische Staatssammlung München (Dr. Axel Hausmann), Kemal University Hatay (Dr. Feza Can) and the Barcode of Life Data Systems/ Global Campaign Geometridae (Dr. Paul Hebert, Canada) with financial support through iBOL/Genome Canada
pdf of version 1 (May 5, 2010)
Habitats of Turkey
photographs will be provided soon
Systematic List
The whole list actually contains 31 geometrid species (subfamilies Archiearinae to Geometrinae) recorded in Turkey and Cyprus. Most species have been dissected and DNA barcoded by the authors, images of the adult, male and female genitalia such as genetic information (COI gene) is presented here. This website aims to provide basic information for an integrated approach to taxonomy, and thus does not aim to replace a faunistic inventory of Turkey. Of each taxon one exemplary specimen shall be illustrated (barcoded specimen taken from BOLD database), such as links to images of male and female genitalia.
The terms ‘sequence variation’ and ‘genetic difference’ refer to the analysis of the COI 5’ barcode fragment (658 bp) with Kimura 2 Parameter (out of BOLD database). Genetic distances are given in % minimum pairwise distance, infraspecific genetic variation in % maximum pairwise distance.
Archiearinae
Archiearis parthenias (Linnaeus, 1761)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (2001)
Archiearis notha (Hübner, 1803)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (2001)
Desmobathrinae
Myinodes shohami (Hausmann, 1994)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1994; 2001)
Orthostixinae
Link to neighbor Joining Tree Turkish Orthostixinae (pdf) , Kimura 2 Parameter, BOLD database, provided by the courtesy of Paul Hebert, CCDB, Canada
Data from COI barcoding suggest a certain relationship of the genera Orthostixis and Derambila with certain representants of the genus Abraxas. This suggestion fits well with the fact that these genera are characterised by aposematic larvae and pupae, so far retained to be convergences.
Orthostixis cribraria (Hübner, 1799)
BC ZSM Lep 06537
male genitalia – female genitalia
Genetically heterogenous, genetic distance Turkey – Italy 2.2%, one specimen from Antalya (“FC01”) in the NJ tree between both populations, at 2.7% from Italian populations and 2.8% from the other Turkish specimens. Requiring further study.
Orthostixis calcularia Lederer, 1853
BC ZSM Lep 06541
male genitalia – female genitalia
Orthostixis cinerea Rebel, 1916
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996)
Geometrinae
Neighbor Joining Tree Turkish Geometrinae (pdf), Kimura 2 Parameter, BOLD database, provided by the courtesy of Paul Hebert, CCDB, Canada
Pseudoterpnini
Aplasta ononaria (Fuessly, 1783)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996; 2001)
Holoterpna pruinosata (Staudinger, 1898)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996; 2001)
Pseudoterpna pruinata Lederer, 1853
BC ZSM Lep 08690
male genitalia – female genitalia
Turkish populations genetically quite distant (3.0 %) from French and German populations of P. pruinata and certain populations of P. coronillaria (min. 3.2 %).
Pseudoterpna coronillaria cinerascens (Zeller, 1847)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996; 2001). Barcodes of true subsp. cinerascens from Samos island (leg. D. Fritsch) suggesting closer relationships to subsp. flamignii and nominate subspecies.
Pseudoterpna coronillaria axillaria Guenée, 1858
BC ZSM Lep 06532
male genitalia – female genitalia
Genetically heterogenous, genetic distance of one specimen from Antalya at 5.9 % from the other Turkish specimens (Hatay, Antalya). The former, genetically, much better matching North African and Sardinian populations of P. coronillaria. Requiring further study.
Pseudoterpna rectistrigaria Wiltshire, 1948
BC ZSM Lep 11474
male genitalia – female genitalia
At large genetic distance from sympatric P. coronillaria axillaria 4.4 %) and from all other populations of P. coronillaria and P. pruinata (minimal distance 5.1 %).
Geometrini
Geometra papilionaria Linnaeus, 1758
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (2001)
Comibaenini
Comibaena bajularia (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
BC ZSM Lep 06526
male genitalia – female genitalia
Genetically no difference between nominate subspecies (southern Turkey and Europe) and subsp. tikhonovi (north-eastern Turkey). Similarly, C. serrulata Fletcher, 1963 from northern Iran without differences in the COI barcode. Further study necessary.
Proteuchloris neriaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1852)
BC ZSM Lep 06501
male genitalia – female genitalia
Thetidia smaragdaria (Fabricius, 1787)
BC ZSM Lep 0###
male genitalia – female genitalia
Thetidia persica Hausmann, 1996
BC ZSM Lep 0###
male genitalia – female genitalia
Genetic data suggest the existence of several separate lineages of this species complex in the Middle East, further study is needed.
Hemistolini
Hemistola chrysoprasaria (Esper, 1795)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996; 2001)
Xenochlorodes olympiaria (Herrich-Schäffer, 1852)
BC ZSM Lep 0###
male genitalia – female genitalia
Comostolini
Eucrostes indigenata (Villers, 1789)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996; 2001)
Jodini
Jodis lactearia (Linnaeus, 1758)
BC ZSM Lep 0###
male genitalia – female genitalia
Thalerini
Thalera fimbrialis (Scopoli, 1763)
BC ZSM Lep 0###
male genitalia – female genitalia
Culpinia prouti (Thierry-Mieg, 1913)
BC ZSM Lep 0###
male genitalia – female genitalia
Hemitheini
Hemithea aestivaria (Hübner, 1789)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (2001)
Chlorissa viridata (Linnaeus, 1758)
BC ZSM Lep 0###
male genitalia – female genitalia
Chlorissa cloraria (Hübner, 1813)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996; 2001)
Chlorissa asphaleia Wiltshire, 1966
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996)
Chlorissa pretiosaria (Staudinger, 1877)
Not yet DNA barcoded/dissected from the study area.
Phaiogramma etruscaria (Zeller, 1849)
BC ZSM Lep 0###
male genitalia – female genitalia
Phaiogramma faustinata (Millière, 1868)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996; 2001)
Microloxiini
Microloxia herbaria (Hübner, 1813)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996; 2001)
Hierochthonia pulverata (Warren, 1901)
Not yet DNA barcoded from the study area, genitalia see Hausmann (1996)
Literature
Hausmann, A. (1996): The morphology of the geometrid moths of the Levant and neighbouring countries (Part I: Orthostixinae and Geometrinae). – Nota lepidopterologica 19 (1/2): 3-90
Hausmann, A. (2001): Introduction. Archiearinae, Orthostixinae, Desmobathrinae, Alsophilinae, Geometrinae. – In: A. Hausmann (ed.): The Geometrid Moths of Europe 1, Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 282 pp.